In practical evaluations muscular function, the force-generating characteristics of muscle are discussed within the concepts of muscular strength, power, and endurance. These characteristics of muscle function have significant implications for success in different forms of strenuous physical activity.
(a) Muscular Strength
Muscular strength is derived both from the amount of tension the muscles can generate and from the moment arms of the contributing muscles with respect to the joint centre. The tension-generating capability of a muscle is related to its cross-sectional area and its training state.
(b) Muscular Power
Muscular power is the product of muscular force and the velocity of muscle shortening. Maximum power occurs at approximately one-third of maximum velocity and at approximately one-third of maximum
concentric force. Muscular power is an important contributor to activities requiring both strength and speed.
(c) Muscular Endurance
Muscular endurance is the ability of the muscle to exert tension over time. The longer the time tension exerted, then greater the endurance.
(d) Muscle Fatigue
Muscle fatigue has been defined as an exercise-induced reduction in the maximal force capacity of muscle. Fatigability is also the opposite of endurance. The more rapidly a muscle fatigues, the less endurance it has.
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